What are the key technologies adopted by 11N technology to greatly increase its bandwidth and coverage?

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The multi-antenna system is adopted on the physical layer, namely MIMO, to achieve the expansion of multiple physical space transmission links.

The method of bundling two 20M channels into 40MHz bandwidth increases the data transmission bandwidth; 

Multiple improvements technologies in the MAC layer improve the efficiency of message processing, such as short GI shortens the frame spacing, MSDU and MPDU message aggregation reduces message overhead, etc.